The epidemiology of obesity and self-defined weight problem in the general population: Gender, race, age, and social class

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen S. W. Rand ◽  
John M. Kuldau
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
General Population ◽  
Weight Problem

The Effect of Social Factors on Referrals for Orthodontic Advice and Treatment

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M. Jenkins ◽  
B. S. Feldman ◽  
D. R. Stirrups
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
General Population ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
To Receive

All patients with information related to social class who were referred to the Orthodontic Department of Glasgow Dental Hospital over a 5-year period were investigated in this study. This referred population is different from the general population with proportionally fewer of the lower social classes. Social class did not affect the distance travelled to receive advice or treatment. However, proportionally more patients from social Classes I and V received complicated therapy.

Influence of social class on the correlation of stature of adult children with that of their mothers and fathers

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel W. Lasker ◽  
C. G. N. Mascie-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
General Population ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Occupational Class ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Occupational Social Class ◽  
Require Data ◽  
Parent Child

SummaryStudies of parent–child correlations in stature require data which can be viewed as random samples of some general population and which are large enough to allow partition of the variable and evaluation of non-genetic and genetic influences. In a sample of 4336 individuals drawn from a cohort of all persons born in England, Scotland and Wales in 1 week in 1958, the correlation of statures of the males with their fathers, the females with their fathers, the males with their mothers and the females with their mothers were 0·36, 0·43 and 0·41 and 0·47 respectively at age 16 of the offspring and 0·41, 0·41, 0·47 and 0·46 respectively at age 23. Allowance for the occupational social class of the fathers lowers the correlations, but in no case by more than 5%. Allowance for the occupational class achieved by the offspring by age 23 has little effect on the correlations.

Epidemiology

2012 ◽  
pp. 185-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenn Torgersen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Class ◽  
General Population ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Methodological Problems

This chapter reviews the current epidemiological findings concerning personality disorders. It begins with the basic question of prevalence within the general population. Discussed more specifically are lifetime prevalence and prevalence within clinical populations. Demographic characteristics are then discussed; more specifically, gender, age, income, education, social class, marital status, urbanicity, fortunate and unfortunate situations, and quality of life. This is followed by a discussion of methodological problems for epidemiological research, and a brief discussion of the implications of the findings for the validity of individual personality disorders (and for their retention or deletion from the diagnostic manual).

Raised Parental Age in Psychiatric Patients: Evidence for the Constitutional Hypothesis

1979 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Hare ◽  
P. A. P. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Group ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Parental Age ◽  
The Mean

SummaryIn two series of psychiatric patients (numbering about 6,000 and 2,000 respectively), the mean age of the mothers at the time of the patients' birth was found to be very significantly above expectation from the general population, and this was so for each of the major diagnostic groups. In the second series, the age of the fathers was also found to be very significantly above that expected from a sample survey of the general population, and this was so for each diagnostic group. Fathers' age was raised more than mothers', and was highest for schizophrenia. The raised parental age could not be explained in terms of the patient's year of birth or his father's social class. The raised mothers' age could largely be accounted for by regression on the raised fathers' age. The present findings, and those of previous studies, seem best explained on the hypothesis of a constitutional parental trait leading to delayed marriage.

scholarly journals Social class and infectious mononucleosis

1973 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Nye
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
General Population ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
South West ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Excess Incidence

SUMMARYThe socio-economic status of 80 patients with infectious mononucleosis was compared with the socio-economic distribution of the general population in the same area of south-west London. An excess incidence of infectious mononucleosis was observed among subjects from upper socio-economic groups. A possible relationship between this observation and the epidemiology of the Epstein—Barr virus is discussed.

Arterial stiffness is a potential mechanism and promising indicator of orthostatic hypotension in the general population

VASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingtao Meng ◽  
Si Wang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Shixi Wan ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a disease prevalent among middle-aged men and the elderly. The association between arterial stiffness and OH is unclear. This study evaluates whether arterial stiffness is correlated with OH and tests the usefulness of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), an arterial stiffness marker, with regard to identifying OH. Patients and methods: A sample of 1,010 participants was recruited from the general population (64.8 ± 7.7 years; 426 men) who attended health check-ups. BaPWV and the radial augmentation index (rAI) were both assessed as the arterial stiffness markers, and OH was determined using blood pressure (BP) measured in the supine position, as well as 30 seconds and 2 minutes after standing. Results: The prevalence of OH in this population was 4.9 %. Compared with the non-OH group, both baPWV (20.5 ± 4.5 vs 17.3 ± 3.7, p < 0.001) and rAI (88.1 ± 10.8 vs 84.2 ± 10.7, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the OH group. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, baPWV (OR, 1.3; 95 % CI, 1.106–1.528; p < 0.05) remained associated with OH. Moreover, the degree of orthostatic BP reduction was related to arterial stiffness. In addition, increases in arterial stiffness predicted decreases in the degree of heart rate (HR) elevation. Finally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that baPWV was useful in discriminating OH (AUC, 0.721; p < 0.001), with the cut-off value of 18.58 m/s (sensitivity, 0.714; specificity, 0.686). Conclusions: Arterial stiffness determined via baPWV, rather than rAI, was significantly correlated with the attenuation of the orthostatic hemodynamic response and the resultant OH. The impaired baroreceptor sensitivity might be the mechanism. In addition, baPWV appears to be a relatively sensitive and reliable indicator of OH in routine clinical practice.

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